The Different Types of Phosphide Powder

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Phosphide Powder Classification
Ionic Phosphates
Alkali metals, metals of the alkaline Earth, zinc, aluminium and other phosphates. You can think of these compounds as derivatives from phosphines, where the hydrogen atoms were replaced by metals atoms with equal equivalence. Most ionics phosphates can be decomposed in acids. For instance, calcium phosphide (Ca3P2) reacts quickly with water in order to form hydroxide and phosphide. Zinc Zn3P2 is a phosphide that reacts slowly in water, but readily with acid.

Metallic Phosphide
Phosphates are a mixture of most heavy metals. They have a similar composition and look to metal intercompounds and most cannot be broken down by acids or water.

Phosphide Powder Application
Ferric phosphor (22-39% P) can be used to make high-strength alloy steel. Steel with 0.1-0.3% phosphorus (alloyed), for example, will have a greater strength and resistance to corrosion. Ferric Phosphor is a by-product from single phosphor made by the electric furnace process. In ferric phosphor, there are small amounts of chromium (chromium oxide), alum, and silicon.
Iridium-phosphide is a chemically stable material that is hard. It is also used to make pens.
Magnesium Phosphide releases up to half of its phosphine into moist air.
Aluminum phosphide can also release highly toxic phosphine into moist air. This is why it’s used in grain fumigants.
Copper phosphide can be used as an oxidizer.
A phosphating grains is used as a semi-conductor.

The Phosphide

Calcium phosphide
It is a granular or crystallized material that is reddish-brown in color with a melting temperature of approximately 1600. The relative densities are 2.51 and 2.51 respectively. This material is soluble only in acids, but not in ethanol or ethyl alcohol. It is made by heating aluminum and carbon to reduce the calcium phosphate. It is used to make phosphine bombs and signal explosives. Zinc phosphide, a dark gray powder that has an unpleasant odor and a melting point of above 420 is non-combustible when ignited. The density of the powder is 4.55g/cm3(18). It can be dissolved in water or oil. Rats and mice are poisoned by Zinc phosphide Baits that contain 2% to 3% zinc powder with red phosphorus at 550. Aluminum phosphide comes in a gray-yellow powder or crystal. It does not melt, sublimate, or decompose at 1000°C. The ignition temperature of the powder is around 100, and its relative density is 2,85. It is made from aluminum powder and phosphorus red acting with electric currents or flames at 650. Aluminum phosphide should be dried and stored. It releases a highly toxic gas when wet.

Sodium phosphide
The red crystal Na3P is highly toxic and flammable when it reacts with water. Use as a phosphating compound to prepare pesticides and phosphine. Chemical reaction produces red phosphorus by combining metallic sodium and red phosphorus.


Hydrogen phosphide
Phosphine, which is stored in compressed gas cylinders, is a colorless, highly flammable and toxic liquefied gas. Its storage pressure (522psig) is 70oF of its vapor-pressure. The gas is heavier and smells similar to fish. When traces of ethophosphate or other phosphorus-hydrides are present, spontaneous combustion occurs. Phosphine has been classified as a highly toxic, spontaneously flammable and highly toxic gas. Inhalation of the gas phosphine may affect the heart and respiratory system as well as kidneys, stomachs, nerves, and liver.

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